| 作者 |
 [功夫原创+精美照片]中国的竞技体育机制 |
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| 所跟贴 |
欧美媒体根本没有象中国媒体那样关心奥运金牌，看看这个：昔日的冠军，今日的搓澡工。 -- 功夫王 - (73 Byte) 2008-8-14 周四, 12:31 (1054 reads) |
铁匠桥
头衔: 海归少尉
声望: 学员
加入时间: 2008/05/02
文章: 32
海归分: 2033
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作者：铁匠桥 在 海归酒吧 发贴, 来自【海归网】 http://www.haiguinet.com
这种体制是有些负作用, 国家还是应当拿出解决方案,更多的教育机会,福利等给这些人.
当然药物问题也不仅是中国, 女飞人乔伊娜30多就心脏病,很难说得清楚.竞技体育是否走了歧途.
China's children strain for Olympic medals
By David Eimer in Beijing
Last Updated: 9:04AM BST 27 Apr 2008
A boy struggles to pull himself up to the bar during training at Shichahai
Elite schools deny pushing their charges too hard, but China is determined its athletes will reflect its superpower status.
Against the backdrop of a giant Chinese flag, three tiny girls are doing pull-ups in the gymnastics hall of the Beijing Shichahai Sports School.
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They are six years old and their faces show the strain of having to haul their heads above the bar repeatedly, but they do not utter a sound. Nor does any of their classmates, none older than 11, who are going through their drills under the watchful, un-smiling gaze of their coaches.
Sport is a serious business at the Shichahai School, which is one of more than 300 elite, and controversial, government-funded academies devoted to training the next generation of Chinese athletes.
With the Beijing Olympics approaching, China is determined to match its role as a political and economic superpower with sporting prowess and to challenge the United States at the top of the medals table. The country won its first gold medal only in 1984, but in the 2004 Athens Games it came second in the table.
Founded in 1958, Shichahai has played a major role in this transformation, but some of its methods are reminiscent of those used by the Soviet Union and Eastern bloc states during the Cold War. Some 600 children aged between six and 18, from all over China, board full-time. Six days a week, they study in the mornings and train for four hours in the afternoon in one of the five sports in which the school specialises: gymnastics, taekwondo, volleyball, badminton and table tennis.
Five of the 32 gold medals won by Chinese athletes in Athens were claimed by Shichahai graduates. Two of these were won by Zhang Yining, the world's best female table tennis player, who will be joined on the Chinese Olympic team this summer by the oldest and best from Shichahai. "We have four who are already in the national team. I think one or two will win gold medals at Beijing," said Li Jun Feng, the taekwondo head coach.
But for all its success, the school, and the system it represents, has been accused of pushing its young charges too hard, and even of abusing them. On a visit to Shichahai in 2005, Britain's four-time Olympic rowing champion Sir Matthew Pinsent said he saw a seven-year-old girl crying while being made to do handstands, and a boy with marks on his back.
The Sunday Telegraph saw no evidence of abuse on its visit to the school. But nor did it see many smiling children. Teacher-pupil relationships at Chinese schools are more formal than in Britain, but even by these standards, the coaches are exacting task masters. "The coach is very strict," said Zhang Kai, a 10-year-old boy from Beijing and aspiring table tennis champion. "If I make a mistake he'll criticise me a lot. But I've never cried and I don't feel nervous any more."
China's sports coaches are measured on the success of their charges, a fact which has pushed some to excess. Last year, Ai Dongmei, a former national marathon champion, and two of her team-mates, won damages from their former coach, who had regularly beaten them and kept all their earnings. In 2006, the Liaoning Anshan Athletics School was found to be doping pupils as young as 15 with the hormones erythropoietin (EPO) and testosterone.
The coaches at Shichahai, however, say the regime has grown more lenient. "The training is more focused on technique than before and we take into account the students' personalities and characters," said Zhao Li Ming, the volleyball coach. "The training isn't so tough," said the taekwondo coach. "I'd like it to be tougher but I don't get all the time I want with the students."
Such intensity reflects the competitive role of sport in China. The vast majority of professional athletes emerge from the specialist schools, rather than from university or amateur clubs. The country's rise as a sporting power was achieved by government investment in schools such as Shichahai. Although no one knows exactly how much money China has spent training its athletes, the US Olympic Committee claims the sum could be as high as £250?million over the past four years. Elite sport schools train 46,000 pupils, selected from the 400,000 children who attend a further 3,000 specialist schools around the country.
"If the students are very good, then the government will pay their fees. For the others, the parents have to pay," said Shi Fenghua, Shichahai's vice-principal. Fees can be up to £3,000 a year. Many parents, who are often restricted to a single child under China's family planning rules, are only allowed to see their offspring at the weekends, but are willing to put up with the separation in the hope of reaping the lavish rewards won by Olympic champions.
While some top athletes receive deals worth millions of pounds, others have found that spending their youth training to be sports stars leaves them at a disadvantage once their careers end. Last year, Ye Qiaobo, a former Olympic speed skater and member of the Beijing Olympic Committee, called for retired athletes to be given the same benefits as former members of the armed forces.
The prospect of emerging empty handed from a childhood of gruelling training sessions is far from the minds of Shichahai's students, however. "I've always liked table tennis," said Zhang Kai. "I want to be Olympic champion. I'm confident that I'll be at the Olympics in 2016."
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/olympics/2298589/China's-children-strain-for-Olympic-medals.html
作者：铁匠桥 在 海归酒吧 发贴, 来自【海归网】 http://www.haiguinet.com
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